Pluto Is Out -- A Homeschool Science Lesson in Astronomy

Pluto is out, and Zena and Ceres are in. Well, almost.other planets.
Now all three are out.3. To be a planet a space object must dominate its
Recently, Michael Brown, an astronomer from Caltech,own orbit and clear its own area of other smaller
discovered what he thought was a new planet, whichspace objects.
he called Zena. He presented his findings andA "dwarf planet" was defined as a celestial body that
submitted his studies to the 26th General Assembly ofis in an orbit around the Sun, has sufficient mass for its
the International Astronomical Union (IAU) who met lastown gravitational forces to assume a hydrostatic
week, 20 - 26 August 2006 in Prague, Czechoslovakiaequilibrium or "nearly round" shape, has not cleared its
to discuss this new discovery and to review theorbital neighborhood of other space objects, and it is
selection criteria for naming planets. Of the 2,700not a satellite.
delegates who attended the meeting only 720 wereThe IAU also resolved that all other space objects,
still in attendance at the end of the week. Only aboutexcept satellites orbiting the Sun, shall be referred to
400 delegates were on hand the final day but only acollectively as "Small Solar-System Bodies"
handful of members were eligible to vote on a revisedThe old mnemonic "My very energetic mother just
description of what constitutes a planet and Brown'sserved us nine pizzas", by which millions of people
studies were accepted. They added Zena to thelearned to recite the planets, no longer applies.
roster of the Sun's planets (also knows as UB313,However, We do have a new one to help you
Zena is larger than Pluto). They also accepted aremember the planets in the new line up.
second nomination, Ceres."My very Energetic Mother Just Served Us Noodles."
Then suddenly, in a direct reversal of their previousHere are some other, more original suggestions:
decisions the IAU decided that the long-standing"My very exhausted mother just sent us nachos"
member planet, Pluto, no longer met the criteria to be a"Make Very Extraordinary Meals of Jell-O,
planet. Pluto was demoted to space dust. The twoStrawberries, and Unsalted Nuts."
other small solar system bodies nominated, Zena andJust in case you may have forgotten, the names of
Ceres, were then summarily rejected.the planets they are, listed in order of their distance
The IAU also redefined the three criteria necessary tofrom the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter,
qualify an object as a planet.Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and the newly demoted
1. A planet must be round in shape. What this means is"dwarf planet", Pluto.
that is planet must be large enough to have had itsTry making up your own mnemonic and get the kids
mass pulled into a round shape as the result of its owninvolved, too. This could very easily be made a part of
gravitational forces. It was also suggested, but notone of your science lessons. But don't use Pluto, Zena,
made part of the definition, that a planet must be ator Ceres in your new mnemonic. At least not for now,
least 1000 kilometers in diameter.the IAU may change their minds at their next meeting
2. Planets must have a defined, regular orbit around thein 2009.
Sun, and not be either stars themselves or satellites of