The Human Nose - Makings Sense of Scents

"Our highest assurance of the goodness ofspecialized receptor cells called olfactory receptor
Providence seems to me to rest in the flowers. Allneurons detect the odor. These neurons are capable
other things, our powers, our desires, our food, are allof detecting thousands of different odors.
really necessary for our existence in the first instance.3. The olfactory receptor neurons transmit the
But this rose is an extra. Its smell and its color are aninformation to the olfactory bulbs, which are located at
embellishment of life, not a condition of it. It is onlythe back of the nose.
goodness which gives extras, and so I say again that4. The olfactory bulbs have sensory receptors that
we have much to hope from the flowers." - Sir Arthurare actually part of the brain which send messages
Conan Doyledirectly to:
In a January 6th, 2005 report [1], The Biotechnology*Brain centers where they influence emotions and
and Biological Sciences Research Council located inmemories (limbic system structures), and
the U.K. indicated they have spent enormous research*Centers where they modify conscious thought
hours on the human nose. One of their findings(neo-cortex).
indicates, "The airflow through the human nose is more5. These brain centers perceive odors and access
complicated than that over a jumbo jet's wing."memories to remind us about people, places, or events
Dr Denis Doorly, a principle researcher with BBSRCassociated with these olfactory sensations. [2]
said, "People are used to the flows around anThe complexities associated with the human nose
aeroplane being complicated but that is in some wayswere not lost on Linda Buck, an olfaction researcher
simpler than understanding the flows inside the nose."who indicates [3], "The alphabet contains just 26 letters,
Beyond airflow complexities is the fact that the humanyet we have thousands of words and numerous
nose can differentiate between unique chemicals.complex languages to convey meaning. Similarly, with
The sense of smell is also tied to the sense of taste1,000 types of odor receptors working together in
with both the olfactory center and tastes budsdifferent combinations, your nose can make codes for
working in concert to deliver a robust experience inabout 10,000 odors."
taste.Proponents of evolution are happy to provide the
Five million scent receptors can be found inside thetheory of natural selection to help explain how we
human nose to help you distinguish between thepossess the dynamic sense of smell, but the nose is a
beautiful scent of a flower and food that may need tovery complex instrument that defies the notion of
be thrown out. The nose can help alert you to dangernatural selection. TSBVI indicates that, "When
or it may provide a sense of peace and safety.interacting with a child who is deaf-blind we should be
Because the function of smell is chemical in nature itaware of the environmental odors that might be
functions in a way similar to taste, but can detectaffecting the child's behavior."
scent chemicals with the scent needing direct contactEven when other systems may malfunction the height
with the interior of the nose.of scent can still be a dynamic way for individuals to
The Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaireddefine their environment.
(TSBVI) describes the function of the nose.Maybe the nose looks designed because it is designed.
1. Vaporized odor molecules (chemicals) floating in the[1] bbsrc.ac.uk/media/
air reach the nostrils and dissolve in the mucus (which[2] tsbvi.edu/
is on the roof of each nostril).[3] riverdeep.
2. Underneath the mucus, in the olfactory epithelium,